Vitamin B12 is necessary for the conversion of folate into its active form, methylfolate. Without enough B12, the body cannot properly convert folate into its active form, resulting in a functional folate deficiency. This can lead to a buildup of homocysteine, an amino acid that can be toxic to cells and contribute to inflammation and other health problems.

Additionally, a B12 deficiency can lead to a decrease in the number of red blood cells, as well as abnormal red blood cell formation. This can result in megaloblastic anemia, a condition characterized by large, immature red blood cells that cannot effectively carry oxygen throughout the body. It’s important to note that while a functional folate deficiency can occur as a result of a B12 deficiency, a folate deficiency can also occur independently of a B12 deficiency. Therefore, it’s important to ensure adequate intake of both of these nutrients through a balanced diet and functional foods to maintain overall health.