Yes — vegans are at a higher risk of iron deficiency because plant-based diets do not contain heme iron, the most easily absorbed form of this essential mineral. Iron plays a vital role in forming hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells, and deficiency can lead to fatigue, weakness, and cognitive issues.
Maintaining adequate iron levels is essential for overall vitality and well-being:
- Supports oxygen transport and energy production
- Boosts immune system function
- Improves cognitive performance and focus
- Reduces risk of fatigue and anemia
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Multiple studies have documented the increased risk of iron deficiency in plant-based populations:
- Non-heme iron from plant sources is less bioavailable than heme iron from animal products, which may require vegans to consume nearly twice as much iron 1.
- Iron deficiency anemia is more common among vegans, especially women of reproductive age, due to increased requirements and lower intake 2.
However, iron absorption can be improved by combining iron-rich plant foods with vitamin C sources, such as citrus, berries, and peppers.
Vegans can absolutely meet their iron needs with the right knowledge and food choices. Awareness of iron sources, pairing them with vitamin C, and using functional food strategies can help reduce deficiency risk and support long-term health.
⚠️ If you follow a vegan diet, consider having your iron levels checked regularly and consult your healthcare provider before using supplements.
- Craig, W.J., Health effects of vegan diets. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2009[↩]
- Haider, L.M., et al. Iron status of vegetarians and vegans. Nutrients, 2020[↩]